Current political dynamic in Canada's ten provinces

Province Governing Party and Premier Official Opposition Party and Leader Third Party*
British Columbia Gordon Campbell, Liberal Carol James, NDP None
Alberta Ed Stelmach , Conservative Kevin Taft, Liberal NDP
Saskatchewan Brad Wall, Saskatchewan Party
former Premier Lorne Calvert, NDP None
Manitoba Gary Doer, NDP Stuart Murray, Conservative Liberal
Ontario Dalton McGuinty, Liberal John Tory, Conservative NDP
Quebec Jean Charest, Liberal Pauline Marois, Parti Quebecois Action Democratique
Newfoundland Danny Williams, Conservative Jim Bennett, Liberal NDP
Nova Scotia Rodney MacDonald, Conservative Darrell Dexter, NDP Liberal
New Brunswick Shawn Graham, Liberal Jeannot Volpé, Conservative
None
Prince Edward Island Robert Ghiz, Libeal Olive Crane, Conservative
None

*refers to non-official opposition parties with seats in the legislature. Interesting side-note, Nova Scotia is the only province where a third party has more than 10 seats.

* * * BONUS! * * *

Women who could have conceivably become Premier of a Canadian province (and one who did)

This list shows past female provincial Opposition Leaders who ran in a provincial election, and thus were the leading opposition candidate for Premier. They all lost, except one.

Province Leader Election
British Columbia Rita Johnston,* Social Credit 1992
Prince Edward Island Pat Mella, Conservative 1993
Catherine Callbeck, Liberal

1993 (she won)

Ontario Lyn McLeod, Liberal 1995
Newfoundland Lynn Verge, Conservative 1996
Alberta Nacy MacBeth, Liberal 2001
British Columbia Carole James , NDP 2005

* Rita Johnston was actually the incumbent Premier at the time, though she was appointed to office after Premier William Vander Zalm resigned in 1991.

Catherine Callbeck is the only woman who was ever elected premier of a Canadian province. She served from 1993 to 1996.

Note: There have also been a few female third-party (usually the NDP) provincial leaders. However, in most cases these parties, and by extension their leaders, were never regarded as a serious threat to either the ruling party or official opposition.